What is an Ingrown Nail? Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Methods
Ingrown toenail (Onychocryptosis) is a common nail disorder that develops as a result of the edge of the nail growing into the surrounding soft tissue and embedding into this area, accompanied by pain, redness, swelling and inflammation.Although it is most commonly seen in the big toe, it can also occur in other toes..
- As it progresses, it can lead to difficulty walking, infections, and chronic pain.
What Causes Ingrown Nails?
There may be many different causes of ingrown nails.The most common causes are:
- Wrong nail cutting:Cutting nails too short or in an oval shape can cause the edges to dig into the skin.
- Narrow or pointed-toe shoes:It makes it easier for the nail to embed into the surrounding tissue by applying pressure to the toes.
- Trauma:Blows to the foot or constant pressure on the nail can trigger ingrown toenails.
- Excessive sweating and humidity:It is especially common in athletes and those who wear closed shoes for long periods of time.
- Genetic predisposition:In some people, the nail structure may be naturally curved.
- Wrong pedicure practices:Deep cutting or incorrect filing increases the risk of ingrown hairs.
What are the symptoms of an ingrown toenail?
Ingrown toenails usually progress slowly and symptoms become more severe.The most common symptoms are::
- Pain and sensitivity at the edge of the nail,
- Redness, swelling and increased heat,
- Inflammation and discharge formation,
- On the skin granulation tissue (flesh)development,
- Increased pain when wearing shoes or walking.
If not detected and treated early, the infection can progress and cause tissue damage and nail deformation..
Ingrown Nail Treatment
The method to be used in the treatment of ingrown toenail is determined by the degree of ingrown toenail, the presence of infection and the lifestyle of the patient..
- Mild Ingrown Toenail Treatment If there is mild redness and pain at the edge of the nail in the early stages;
- Sterile cotton or gauze is placed between the nail edge and the skin to prevent the nail from penetrating the skin.
- Special protective pads or pedicure wires (nail wires) can be used for ingrown toenails.
- Inflammation and pain are controlled with antiseptic solutions or dermatologist-recommended creams.
- Feet should be washed daily with warm soapy water and kept dry.
- Treatment for Moderate and Severe Ingrown Toenail If inflammation, discharge, severe pain or granulation tissue has developed;
- Topical or systemic antibiotic therapy: Prescribed to control the infection.
- Nail brace application: Prevents the recurrence of ingrown toenails by allowing the nail to grow in its natural direction.
- Minor surgical procedures: The ingrown nail is removed with local anesthesia.
- Laser or nitric acid treatment: Granulation tissue is eliminated and tissue healing is accelerated.
- Chemical cauterization or surgical matrixectomy: In recurrent and chronic cases, a portion of the nail root is permanently removed to prevent the recurrence of the ingrown nail.
Methods to Prevent Ingrown Nails
Ingrown toenails can be prevented with proper foot care and some simple habit changes.:
- Nails should be cut straight and the corners slightly filed.
- Narrow, pointed-toed or high-heeled shoes should be avoided.
- Feet should be washed daily and kept dry and clean.
- Cotton socks should be preferred and synthetic socks should not be worn for long periods of time.
- People who are prone to ingrown toenails should regularly seek the support of a podiatrist.
Ingrown toenail is a problem that can seriously limit daily life if left untreated.It can be completely cured with the right care and dermatological treatment in the early stages.If you suspect an ingrown toenail, it is strongly recommended that you consult a dermatologist, Specialist Dr. Merve Mercan, as incorrect interventions at home can increase the risk of infection..
